Operating Systems and Networking Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Working Systems and Networking - Coursework Example the accompanying fields: opcode: 8 bits ra: 6 bits rb: 6 bits rc: 6 bits rd: 6 bits where ra, rb, rc, determine three info registers and rd indicates one goal register. On the off chance that there is a solitary register document to store the recognizable pieces of proof everything being equal, what number of registers could there be in that register record? 1.3. A processor has 24 registers, utilizes 8-piece prompt, and has 36 unique directions (comparing to 36 activity codes) in its guidance set. These 36 guidelines are ordered into 4 sorts as recorded underneath: Expect that the ISA necessitates that all guidelines be different of 8 bits (1 byte) long, and the activity codes (opcodes) are fixed length. Answer the accompanying inquiries and record the figuring steps included. Type C: 6 bits of the activity code, 5 bits for the source register, 8 bits of the prompt, and 5 bits of the goal register. This aggregates to 19 bits. These are gathered together again to 24 bits. 24 bits are equal to 3 bytes. Along these lines 3 bytes are required to encode type c guidance. The pipelining outline is utilized to show the execution of an arrangement or a succession of guidelines of procedures of a PC. In the chart, the succession of directions is demonstrated vertically; that is from the top to the base. With respect to the clock cycles, they are regularly appeared in the even; that is from the left to one side. Every single guidance is isolated into its segment stages. There are 3 directions. Assume a non-pipelining processor took 50 Nano seconds to process one guidance, and afterward it would take 3 * 50 = 150 Nano seconds to finish all the guidelines. Anyway when pipelining is utilized, we rather have 4 portion pipeline with a clock cycle that takes at any rate 10 Nano seconds roughly. 2.2. Assume we have a somewhat progressively complex program with information reliance and branches. Expect that on account of spreading, the guidance following a branch is constantly executed. Note that a restrictive branch

Ericsson Bangladesh Hr Policy free essay sample

EBL HR Policy Manual Contents 1Recruitment:3 1. 1Recruitment Process:3 2Terms Conditions of Employment:3 2. 1Working Hours:3 2. 2Office Hours during Hartal:3 2. 3Public Holidays:4 2. 4Probation:4 2. 5Confirmation:4 2. 6Transfer:5 2. 7Promotion:5 3Termination of Employment:6 3. 1Termination:6 3. 2Exit Process:6 3. 3Dismissal:7 3. 4Discharge:8 4Disciplinary Action:8 4. 1Administration of Discipline:8 4. 2Disciplinary Procedure:8 5Grievance Handling:9 6Retirement:11 7Duties Responsibilities:11 8Confidentiality:11 9Conflict of Interest:11 9. General Considerations:11 9. 2Outside Business Undertakings:12 9. 3Ownership or Equity in other Companies:12 9. 4Family Interests and Other Alliances:12 9. 5Gifts:13 9. 6Entertainment13 9. 7Corporate Gifts and Entertainment13 10Remuneration Benefits:13 10. 1Remuneration:13 10. 2Remuneration Cycle:14 10. 3Festival Bonus:14 10. 4Performance Bonus Scheme:14 10. 5Gratuity:17 10. 6Provident Fund:18 10. 7Insurance:18 10. 8Medical:19 10. 9Leave:20 11Mobile Phone:22 12Transportation:22 12. Get and drop off service:22 12. 2Car Allowance22 12. 3Pool cars:23 13Allowances:23 13. 1Overtime Allowance:23 13. 2Field Maintenance Allowance:23 13. 3Emergency Callout Allowance:24 13. 4Shift Allowance:24 13. 5Food Allowance:24 13. 6OHS Allowance:24 14Employee of the Month:25 14. 1Long Service Award:25 14. 2Team of the Quarter:25 15Performance Management25 15. 1IPM Handover:26 16Training and Development26 16. 1Training Commitment Agreement:26 17Changes:28 18Revision History:28 Enrollment: 1 Recruitment Process: Please allude to the Recruitment Process for detail rules. Terms Conditions of Employment: 1 Working Hours: As of first August 2010, available time are from 9. 00 a. m. to 6. 00 p. m. from Sunday through to Thursday. A mid-day break of 1 (one) hour between 12. 30 p. m. to 1. 30 p. m. will be encouraged. The available time are set all in all dependent on a 40 hours working week. Be that as it may, workers can make a plan of adaptable available time in meeting with their Line Managers and putting need to the business needs. Special case: Front Office representatives of NOSC will labor for 6 days consistently followed by 2 days occasion as week after week occasion. 1 Shift Operation: This is pertinent for all Front Office representatives of NOSC. The tasks will be overseen in three (3) shifts: ? Move A: 6. 00 am †2. 00 pm ? Move B: 2. 00 pm †10. 00 pm ? Move C: 10. 00 pm †6. 00 am Female representatives are not permitted to work in C Shifts according to Company rules. Representatives will be required to work in all movements in pivot. Line Managers will guarantee that representatives must not work in a specific move persistently for over about fourteen days. Available time during Hartal: Regardless of the political circumstance of the nation the organization needs to guarantee business coherence and thusly Ericsson office stays open during Hartals; until explicitly referenced something else. Representatives are mentioned to utilize their own judgment and required to go to office just on th e off chance that they feel that it is ok for them to travel and there are no huge issues out and about. Representatives must inform their Line Manager or Department Coordinator if s/he can't come to office because of security and wellbeing issues. If there should arise an occurrence of nonattendance because of security reasons, representatives need to remunerate the lost working hours either showing up on Saturday or Sunday or working additional hours during other working days. Line Managers of the worker will monitor compensatory working days. Representatives entitled for extra time and end of the week stipend need to make up for lost working hours during hartal; before guaranteeing additional time and end of the week remittance. On the off chance that a worker can't come to office; s/he is required to present a leave application. Kindly note that, no leave will be deducted, this is for record keeping purposes as it were. All NOSC representatives will be qualified for remain in organization affirmed guesthouse during Hartals, nonstop street barricades and so forth. Earlier endorsement from Line Managers should be acquired to remain in the Guesthouse. Office timing stays adaptable during Hartal days and workers may come to office at a time they have a sense of security and agreeable out and about. Sensible transportation cost will be repaid (Claim structure) during hartal days. This expense can be guaranteed by means of SSC Manila according to the ordinary cost guarantee process. Cases should be endorsed by the Cost Center Owner. 3 Public Holidays: The Company will watch occasions according to the List of Holidays reported toward the start of the year. The Company will utilize the MCCI (Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce Industry) distributed rundown of occasions as the premise of deciding the special seasons it will see as Company open occasions. 4 Probation: All Bangladeshi perpetual representatives are required to experience a trial time of a half year. In the event that the presentation of an occupant isn't discovered reasonable during the initial a half year; the probation time frame might be reached out for an additional 3 months with clear targets. The length of the probation time frame might be differed at the caution of the Company. 5 Confirmation: HR will educate the Line Managers fourteen days ahead of time from the date of their subordinate’s affirmation. All Line Managers will assess their workers in the endorsed Probation Appraisal structure and rate their presentation during the probation time frame. No affirmation letter will be given until a Probation Appraisal structure is finished and properly marked by the Line Manager and Department Head. For more data allude to the Confirmation Policy for detail rules. 6 Transfer: The Company at its outright tact may move a worker starting with one occupation then onto the next or one area to another or starting with one division then onto the next, one Ericsson element to another, inside and outside Ericsson Bangladesh should it be required for business prerequisites or preparing advancement purposes or some other business necessities. The exchange agenda needs to appropriately finished and affirmed for any exchange. The exchange will be imparted through EBL Communication halfway. A duplicate of the exchange letter properly approved will be given over to the worker just if there are changes in the terms and states of business. Advancement: A representative is advanced either while proceeding onward to a vocation of a higher evaluation with expanded duty and multifaceted nature in the following level or when the present job has become altogether greater regarding obligation. An individual is considered for advancement when his/her aptitudes, capabilities, enco unters and possibilities have the correct counterpart for the activity to be elevated to, inside the extent of the association structure. What's more, the officeholder likewise needs to show expected practices in accordance with the Ericsson fundamental beliefs. If there should arise an occurrence of elevating an officeholder to a Line Management position or advancing a current Line Manager to the following level; the occupant must be estimated against the 3 Leadership measurements and 12 authority capacities of Ericsson. The Company follows a yearly advancement cycle; and special changes are made in January consistently. Be that as it may, advancements may occur at other season just if/when the accompanying rules are met: †¢ A Bangladeshi worker replaces an ostracize representative †¢ The position legitimizes a higher activity grade The exchange and advancement are according to the typical progression plan (concurred and archived in IPM) †¢ The officeholder has a reliable reputation of good execution, qualities and conduct †¢ For Leadership positions (JG 4 or more), Leadership evaluation results will be viewed as The Line director is answerable for setting up an advancement proposition for their worker. The proposition m ust incorporate the accompanying: †¢ Current Job Description †¢ Business case (proceeding onward to a higher job, must get ready case for advancement †open positions, predictable elite) †¢ Skills, capability, experience and capability of the officeholder Managerial and authority aptitudes (required for Job Grade 4 or more situations); according to Ericsson Leadership Framework The Line Manager must talk about and concur all advancement recommendations with the Department Head. When the Department Head is completely persuaded; s/he embraces the advancement and sends the proposition to HR. Subsequent to ordering data HR orchestrates a gathering to talk about the advancements. All advancements in EBL must be approved by the HR Director and affirmed by the Managing Director. An advancement increment at a foreordained concurred rate is considered on the current fundamental compensation. In any case, advancement pay increment ought not surpass the mid-purpose of the following Job Grade. The pay increment rate depends on employee’s current pay position in the new compensation run. The advancement letter appropriately marked will be given over to the representative with the updated terms and states of business. All Promotion Proposals should be made in the recommended structure. End of Employment: 1 Termination: During the probation time frame, the organization at its total tact may fire the work without relegating any reasons at all by giving 5 days notice recorded as a hard copy or installment in lieu thereof. The representative can likewise fire their work by giving 5 (five) days notice recorded as a hard copy. After affirmation of administrations, the organization at its supreme attentiveness may fire the work without doling out any reasons at all by giving 1 (one) month’s notice recorded as a hard copy or installment in lieu thereof. After affirmation of administrations, the representative can fire their work by giving 1 (one) month’s notice or by paying 1 (one) month’s net pay in lieu thereof. The Company holds the privilege not to acknowledge the acquiescence of pay in lieu of notice. 2 Exit Process: Every single lasting worker who have rendered acquiescence should finish the Company leave process according to the accompanying: If a representative chooses to leave, s/he should give n

Need a Business Idea Here are 35 You Can Use to Start Your Business Empire

Need a Business Idea Here are 35 You Can Use to Start Your Business Empire Setting up a business can be a wonderful venture but many individuals are usually discouraged by the idea of assessing the market and understanding the startup costs.Due to this, people find themselves force fully working 10-hour desk jobs that they aren’t happy in.This article demonstrates 35 ideas that are ideal for individuals looking to start their very first business with very little capital.HERE’S WHY OPENING A BUSINESS CAN BE AN ADVANTAGEOUS VENTUREBe Your Own BossThe greatest factor that business owners enjoy is the joy of independence to perform the work tasks the way they desire.Freedom from senior management, freedom from taking calls from the upper management, and decisions you aren’t happy with â€" Say goodbye to them!As a business owner, you are in charge of the company’s growth and are responsible for taking all the key responsibilities.Think of having your own business as owning your own garden and watering your own plants. You get to see the plants grow and y ou will be proud when they eventually become well-established fruit-providing trees.Excellent Work-Life BalanceAs a business owner, you set your own work timings and you enjoy a work-life balance by making your own schedule.Research by Indiana University has shown that work-life balance is key to maintaining positive health and over 15% of participants were exposed to stressful environments causing them to experience fatal deaths in the long run.By running your own business, you can provide your employees with flexible work timings and a vacation leave to ensure your employees are happy with the company and improve their productivity.You get to choose the type of employees that work for your company, creating a work culture.For example â€" If you’re working at a digital media company, you can hire freshers and youngsters with a style and create wall paintings to give a vibrant and youthful work atmosphere.With this type of work environment, employees would love to come to work eve ry day, therefore increasing your company’s net profits.Enjoy the Challenge of Risk and Reap the RewardsThe famous quote â€" “No Pain No Gain” is something the entire business environment is built upon.Risks are challenges that come to entrepreneurs frequently, the ability to deal with these risks demonstrates a smart business owner from a rash one. Enjoy the challenges as these are stepping stones for your company.Once you overcome these challenges, you are rewarded with a pot of gold at the end of the rainbow. You get all the profits of the company and you get to take the company forward the way you feel right.Mark Dinges of California Creations states “The thing I enjoy most about the company is playing the game of business,.And rightly so â€" every business is a competitive game and the thrill of being at the top is an adrenaline rush like no other.Feel Proud of Building Something of your OwnInvestment Coach, Peter Leeds states, “There is nothing like being successful through your own leadership, abilities, ideas, and efforts,”. One of the greatest excitement in the life of a business owner is to experience the growth of his company from a small business to a large industry.The benefit of building your own brand from scratch is far greater than working as an employee of an existing brand.In the long run, you get to hand over the reins of your company to much more established young men to lead the company through the test of time.Take Apple for example, when Steve Jobs co-founded it, he ran a successful company which he then passed over to Tim Cook in 2011, who continues to lead the company in the exact same path set by Jobs.35 IDEAS TO CONSIDER STARTING A BUSINESS1. Computer RepairSetting up a computer repair business is a lucrative way to generate profits as computers are all over the globe and more are added daily.As a computer service representative, you will never run out of orders to service components or software from a given organization .Computer repair services include servicing â€" monitor, mouse-types, laptops, keyboards, modems, electronic peripherals like scanners and printers, etc.This type of business grows into a large organization in no time when the clients come rolling in.Things to KnowExperience in computer hardware and software is necessaryLicensing is necessaryEmployees require a training program2. Virtual AssistantMany online businesses are in dire need of assistants that can help them in running several tasks such as social media management, advertising, brand awareness, etc.Becoming a virtual assistant is a great business idea as the pay is anywhere from $10 per hour to $25 per hour depending on your expertise.A virtual assistant is a home-based business and doesn’t require you to report to an organization. Every task is conducted and completed from the comfort of your home. Virtual assistants are usually hired on a contract basis or as an employee.Things to KnowCraigslist, Upwork, and PeoplePerH our are great freelancing sites to apply as a virtual assistantDecide on the type of work you will be doing as a virtual assistant. For E.g. â€" Bookkeeping, graphic design, web development, clerical work, etc.3. Social Media ConsultantIf you fancy spending time on social media sites, why not make it a source of income?A social media consultant is a perfect career path for those looking to help companies with directing customers to their business and boosting overall sales.As a social media consultant, it’s necessary to understand the industry you are working with and how to enhance their brand awareness.Things to KnowNo formal training required, certification courses are available to pursueKnowledge of social media tools helps make your job easy 4. Product ReviewerA reviewer’s job is to inform customers about the type of products they are purchasing with detailed product analysis and breakdowns listing advantages and disadvantages.You can approach companies directly and offer y our services to review their product in exchange for monetary compensation.A reviewer can build his portfolio and trustworthiness overtime and a lucrative business can be started by providing their valuable expertise.Things to KnowA reviewer should have their own website and write blogs regularly to keep his readers informed of new and upcoming productsAlways try and test the product before writing a review. Your readers will not follow someone who offers biased reviews5. Meal Prep BusinessFood is a great industry to get into if you love cooking and have a passion for it.Many clients prefer to indulge in healthy diets and don’t have the time to cook their own food due to their hectic schedule.That’s where you come in, you can prepare the food depending on their tastes and provide them with their daily nutrition in the form of meal prepping.Meal prep is a lucrative business even with few clients, all it requires is a kitchen and fresh food to ensure your clients are satisfied.Thi ngs to KnowKeep a list of ingredients that your clients don’t prefer or are allergic to. Knowledge is power in the food businessYou can ensure you make a doorstep visit and explain the nutritional benefits of meal prep and why they can remain healthy by following a dietExplain the money-saving advantages to your clients to make them shift to a healthy plan6. Application DeveloperEvery time a new business or product is launched, an app is also launched alongside it to ensure mobile and web users are provided with convenient access.An app developer is always in demand and all you do is create an app for the company based on their requirement.If you can provide them with the right marketing strategy to achieve their profits, you’ll surely be rolling in profits without having to work a 9 â€" 5 jobs.Things to KnowApp Development requires knowledge in at least one programming language â€" Java, Android Development, iOSDevelopment, C++Codecademy is a great place to learn programming la nguages for free 7. Bookkeeping ServicesIf you are great with numbers and are looking for a job in bookkeeping, then becoming a freelance bookkeeper is an exceptional way to guarantee income and work on your own time.As a freelance bookkeeper, you are required to manage balance sheets, create monthly statements, various financial reports, profit and loss statements, etc.Things to KnowInvoicing tools are a bookkeeper’s best friend. Use them!Start a website such as Bench to automate bookkeeping for your clients8. Online Dating ConsultantMatchmaking is a wonderful way to create a business as there are thousands of potential single individuals looking to meet their Mr. or Mrs. Right.You can help them find their true love by becoming their dating consultant and offering them advice on how to proceed. The job requires a lot of responsibility as you will guide someone’s entire life in the right direction.Things to KnowA website based on online dating with your consultancy services is m andatory to reach clientsManaging their dating profiles is your responsibility as well to get them the right match9. Web Security ConsultantEvery business faces a devious threat on the web from malicious hackers and viruses.It’s your job as an internet security consultant to provide companies with the best security possible in securing their valuable files and sensitive customer information.Companies pay big money to the right agent that can protect their data.Things to KnowTo become a cybersecurity expert, technical skill in the following areas are necessary â€" firewall management, software penetration, knowledge in programming languages, hacking and coding practices, encryption techniques, and familiarity in operating systems.Communication must be instant to inform your clients of incoming threats and guiding them to the best possible solution10. Graphic DesignerOrganizations are on the constant lookout for logos, emblems, fliers, magazines, advertisement copy, and other creati ve designs.This is where you fill that requirement by providing them with the perfect graphic designs to enhance their product and ensure their customers are attracted to their product.As a graphic designer, your responsibility will be in creating unique logos for websites depending on their requirement.Things to KnowAdobe Photoshop and Illustrator are applications that every graphic designer should be proficient inPlenty of freelance sites offer graphic designers with a way to earn their income efficiently11. Editorial AgencySetting up a business that deals with web content writing, ghostwriting, proofreading, editing, indexing, article writing, etc. requires little to no investment.You can start by doing these services yourself and begin to add employees to assist you as you increase the number of clients.Editorial services are very much in demand due to the number of startups and companies launching every year.The demand for content has risen and you can make yourself a nice prof it on the side while ensuring you manage your client base.Things to KnowHere’s an in-depth tutorial to set up your editorial business from scratchManage a few clients during the launch phase to get the hang of the business12. Affiliate MarketingAffiliate marketing pays good money to marketers who can advertise products on their blogs and provide detailed information on the type of services provided.The best part about affiliate marketing is the freedom of choosing your own products and marketing them through various sources â€" media, blogs, e-mail marketing, etc.Things to KnowYouTube, Pinterest, and Facebook are great mediums to gain an audience for your productAmazon Associate Program is a great source for affiliate marketers to make a steady income13. TranslatorDo you have a knack for learning more than one languages? Why not convert this extensive knowledge into a full-fledged business scheme?A translator is one of the most convenient and in-demand business around the globe.Yo u can become a translator exclusively for tourists looking to hire you on a per-day basis, you could opt to translate for companies looking to launch their product in another country or you could simply translate for films and production houses.Things to KnowIt’s important to be extremely proficient in the language before you begin to start your translating businessIncrease the number of languages over time to earn more profits as a translator14. Financial AdvisorEven big organizations need help when it comes to managing finances.Hence, a financial advisor’s job is to provide the necessary advice on how an industry can better invest their earnings and how to organize their profits in the best situation possible.To start off as a financial advisor, you can begin by providing free advice to your family and friends, as compensation ask them to simply pass on the word if they are satisfied.It’s important to build your client base before you begin to count your profits.Things to Kn owEnsure you apply for the Certified Financial Planner certificate, the CFP course is extremely critical to proving your expertiseBegin with individual clients and move on to organizations once you are confident of handling big money15. Resume WriterCountless individuals are looking for well-written concise resumes to impress their hiring managers.The skills required to write a resume are basic â€" you need to be great at punctuation and know how to write well.A resume writer will always have work as long as employment is present in the world.All the equipment you need to get started is a laptop and a knack for writing.Things to KnowResume writers usually charge by the hour or a daily pay rateHere are some great tips to follow for starting your resume writing career16. Tax ConsultantHow many times have you heard of companies getting in trouble for not filing their taxes on time?A tax consultant’s job is to ensure the company doesn’t have to worry about their tax filings anymore. It’s also the tax consultant’s responsibility to ensure all information relating to tax is brought to the notice of the company.If you can handle the job of managing the day-to-day tax operations of companies, you have a great career path ahead of you.Things to KnowA certification course in Certified Public Account(CPA) is mandatory to conduct tax filings.You can either freelance or start an agency as a tax consultant17. BloggerWho’d have thought that writing articles can be a lucrative business? Today there are several bloggers that earn more than $100,000 per month. It takes hard work to hit a 6-figure income but you can begin by earning a 4-figure income today. All you need is a website and your commitment to getting started. You can choose an industry that you are passionate about and write articles based on them, then choose convenient ways to get paid such as Google AdSense, product promotion, etc.Things to KnowEnsure your articles and website are SEO-friendly to generat e organize trafficYou need to provide useful articles that help your readers understand everything there is to know about the product or service you are writing about18. Packers MoversIn the modern day, people are always looking to move from one place to another.Whether it’s career decisions or personal reasons, moving can be a hassle and individuals usually seek a company’s services to help them relocate.Starting a “packers and movers” business is quite simple, you need the materials required to pack â€" duct tape, cardboard boxes, a few handymen and a transportable vehicle.Things to KnowLaunch your business in the local neighborhood before you approach the larger areas.Customers rejoice when their items are delivered to them in mint condition. It’s necessary to train your handymen to be extra-careful when dealing with glassware and delicate objects19. Professional PhotographyPhotos are used in everyone’s lives, be it wedding photography, website content, blogs, magazi nes, etc.Photography is a lucrative business and is an exciting way to travel the world and click photos of nature and man-made structures.You could also stay put and become a wedding photographer and ensure you capture the most intimate moments of couples in your hometown.Things to KnowYou can pursue a photography course to ensure you click gorgeous and breathtaking picturesInvest in a professional DSLR to get the right dimension and exceptional image quality 20. Courier ServicesCourier services require absolutely no investment other than your regular vehicle used for transport. The responsibility lies in ensuring the packaged items are delivered to their destination on time.Many businesses prefer to pay for courier services instead of choosing expensive ways of sending important parcels to their destination.As a courier, your job is to ensure the parcel reaches the destination within the allotted time slot.Things to KnowOffer your courier services in flexible time slots to build d emand for your businessConsider an alternate means of transport in case your vehicle breaks down21. MentoringEveryone requires inspiration to achieve success. As a lifecoach or mentor, your job is to provide the necessary guidance for individuals looking for that extra shoulder to lean on.Mentorship requires you to be able to push individuals to the extreme to achieve their goals and advise them on a calculated plan.Whether it’s youngsters looking to excel in sports or failed businessmen who have no motivation in moving past failure, your goal is to rejuvenate their minds.Things to KnowTarget your mentorship to a niche audience such as â€" youngsters, businessmen, housewives, etc.Accredited institutions such as International Coaching Federation and International Association of Coaching provide various coaching programs to establish yourself as a life coach22. Currency TradingA currency trading business is not only profitable but requires very little technical knowledge to get star ted.Thanks to the internet, currency traders no longer need to visit trade exchanges or call their stockbrokers to place a trade.As a currency trader, you can trade in the comfort of your home and understand the fundamental basics of trading in a few weeks through online tutorials.Things to KnowCurrency trading may be illegal in a few countries, so it’s best to check with your local government officesCurrency trading should always be started in small amounts to learn the ropes of trading before you go in big. The market is highly risky and there are no guaranteed methods to make profits23. Travel AgencyEvery year, individuals are always looking to book their holiday vacations via travel agencies to visit their favored destinations.When setting up a travel agency, it’s necessary to have an online platform to allow customers to conveniently place their bookings.Offer discounts in the initial launch phase to attract travelers to choose your platform over other competitors.Things to KnowTo boost sales, you can offer free airport pickup and drops to your clientsCar rentals and tours can be arranged by your agency to further rake in the profits24. Flipping WebsitesBuying websites for cheap and then selling them at a profit is a great business idea for those who can identify value. It requires the presence of mind to understand the website market â€" which niche tends to do the best and which doesn’t.As a website flipper, you need to understand the revenue a current website generates, the traffic that the website attracts, and above all the authenticity of the website. You don’t want to be making a bad purchase which may lead to copyright claims.Things to KnowFlippa is a popular website marketplace where many sellers and buyers gather to conduct tradesYou could also buy a cheap website that has aged well, add web content and tools and increase the value of the website before putting it up on auction25. Patient Advocacy ServicesAn extremely community-driven bu siness where you will provide aid to several ill and grieving patients that need your help the most.Much of your responsibilities lie in establishing insurances for patients, argue cases on behalf of the patient to claim insurance, and helping patients with document work in hospitals.Patient advocacy services are in demand all through the globe and you can feel noble at the end of the day by helping those who are in dire need of your services.Things to KnowCertificate programs such as PPAC (Professional Patient Advocate Certificate) can be pursued to add expertiseIt’s necessary to fully understand the patient before you can provide them with necessary insurance plans26. Drop shippingOne of the most popular business ideas in this list is drop shipping.As a drop shipper, you create a website showcasing products from a third-party website, when a customer makes a purchase from your site, you automatically purchase the product from the third-party vendor and earn a commission for your sales.The logistics and warranty are provided by the third-party vendor, your job is only to get customers to make a purchase.Things to KnowDoba is a popular drop shipping website to set up your first online storeDrop shipping requires no capital to start other than a fully functional website27. VideographyVideo production is a lucrative business with plenty of media platforms such as YouTube and Daily Motion offering youngsters with a chance to become famous.Your responsibility will be to edit and create high-quality videos for your clients.You may be needed to hire voiceover artists and create music videos.This high profile business may require some investment to acquire the video production equipment, but in the long run, it’s a small price to pay.Things to KnowPlenty of video production courses are available on Udemy for both beginners and advanced users to get startedVideo production can be a one-person business but adding employees can ease your workload28. E-commerce Websi teYou’ve got the goods to sell but don’t have the investment to pay the rent and employee wages to run an actual store?No problem, simply open an online e-commerce store to sell your products.All you need is a domain name and web hosting to set up your online store. An online store attracts customers from all over the globe that your retail store can’t do.In this way, you can rake in more profits by establishing your very own e-commerce website.Things to KnowOnline tutorials are available for a step-by-step guide to establishing your online storeOnce you’ve made your first few sales, invest in social media marketing to gain a targeted audience to increase profits29. Massage TherapistA relaxing business idea that deals with utilizing scented oils and therapeutic massages to relieve your clients from their stressful minds is the job of a masseuse.Some investment is required to invest in a massage bed, massage products, and various essential oils.Once set up, you can enjoy a lo yal clientele that will return to your premises every month to enjoy a relaxing massage session.Things to KnowA license is mandatory to set up a massage clinic, various states require various licensesCertification is necessary as you will be involved with triggering the sensitive spots of the human body to relieve pent-up tension30. Personal TrainerThe benefits of being a personal trainer are that you get to enjoy a fit and energetic lifestyle alongside of watching your clients shed their fat over time.A personal trainer doesn’t necessarily mean you have to work a job at a local gym, you can be a freelancer if you wish and visit your clientshomes via apps and by setting up a professional website showcasing your achievements.Things to KnowHere are the top 5 personal training programs available. Certification is mandatory to pursue fitness trainingA personal trainer must look fit, hence, you are required to always remain physically fit by utilizing supplements31. Dog Training and Gr ooming ServicesWhile dog walking is a popular way to set up a business, there isn’t much profits toearn from just walking dogs.Hence, establish services to provide dog owners with ways to groom their lovable pets and offer to train their lovely canines to do tricks they couldn’t perform before.Not only is dog training and grooming services a lucrative business, you get to sell dog products alongside for further profits.Things to KnowDog groomers require a certification course before they can establish their businessPets require patience and love, hence, only venture into this business if you share a love for animals 32. Bed and BreakfastPlenty of travelers require a place to spend the night on their journey, if you have a spare room available in your home, it’s a great opportunity to turn it into a lodging space.You can earn money by providing traveling guests with a room and providing them with free breakfast.Additionally, you can grow the business by partnering up with local tour guides, providing maps for sale, and other souvenirs at the front desk.Things to KnowThere is no license required to start a bread and breakfast, although you may require one depending on your state to open a lodging businessHygiene should be maintained by cleaning and tidying up the room after a guest has checked out, this is to ensure your guests are happy with your accommodationAdvertise your lodging services on Airbnb to increase awareness33. Interior DesignerDo you love decorating people’s homes or offices with your unique vision?Every homemaker or businessman will have their own requirements and may seek your advice to come up with a great décor for their home or office.Much of the research has to be conducted at your home and you can present the final work on paper to your clients.Things to KnowAn interior designer requires a certification course completed before he or she can conduct their servicesEnsure you ask a lot of questions to get the best knowledge of the ty pe of décor your clients want34. Tour GuideCities and towns are usually the best places for tourists to explore but they can’t understand the history all by themselves and are usually looking for a tour guide to hire.As a tour guide, you can conduct walking trips, bicycle trips, entertainment packages, taxi services, and fun games to interact with your customers.A tour guide can be a wonderful way to meet new people from other countries and understand their way of life.Things to KnowWhile some countries don’t require a license, others require a license from the ministry of tourism to ensure you are fully qualified to be assisting foreign visitorsKnowledge of the local cuisine and restaurants helps in treating your foreign visitors with delicious local food35. Daycare ServicesWhy not transform your home during the day into a bustling and energetic place for kids to come and learn new things?A daycare service is for those people who love to hang out with kids and monitor their pl ayful experiences.Starting a daycare requires a license and proper training in handling little kids. Insurance is required as well to ensure your home is taken care of in the event of a mishap caused by children.Things to KnowInvestment is required to set up a nursery and other toys required for kids to play withThere should be a food schedule to adhere to as little kids tend to get hungry and hence, they tend to eat moreCONCLUSIONEvery business has its own share of risks and rewards, as a business owner, it’s necessary to navigate through the tidal waves to enjoy the sunrise by the calm sea.Don’t give up every time a failure presents itself, the tough and trying times are what brings the best out of you.We hope one of these ideas have suited to your entrepreneurship dream and leave you with this motivating quote by Nelson Mandela â€"“It Always Seems Impossible Until It’s Done”

Risk Assessment and Business Management Essay - 911 Words

Risk Assessment and Management Problem The term risk assessment refers to an objective evaluation of risks to which end the assumptions and uncertainties are clearly put into consideration as well as presented. On the other hand in regards to risk management it has in most cases courted difficulties in the measurement of both the quantities in which risk assessment is concerned (Muzzi, Armando, and Augusto Panà  , 2000, pp. 99-103). This is because the potentiality of an anticipated loss and the probability of it occurring have proved pretty difficult to quantify. This leaves a huge margin of error in the quantification of these two concepts. Over the years, the concept of risk management has proven to be an integral part of a business†¦show more content†¦The committee would have representation from all sectors of the hotel industry and would comprise of the hotel owners, their senior management as well as representation from the employees. This would ensure there is support of the analysis project from the entire organization from its onset. Upon the establishment of such a committee, I would then embark on an identification of the hazards mission. This is the risk assessment or risk evaluation process. It would try to raise the risk that needs to strategize on this time with reference to the Riskaway project. Upon the attainment of this, I would then embark on a determination of those at risk and the risks in question, I would then steer the organization towards a business impact analysis. This crystalizes the core business areas of hotels that would require the usage and or protection offered by Riskaway. Bearing the fact that disaster is bound to take place and upon occurrence it might not be able to recover everything, the firm should envisage to rescue it core business from the disaster. This would then set pace for the fourth stage of recording and implementation of the precautionary measures. 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Definition of Dialectology

The scientific study of dialects, or the regional differences in a language. Although to some extent an autonomous discipline, dialectology is regarded by some linguists as a subfield of sociolinguistics. What is Dialectology? Sociolinguists and dialectologists share some goals and methods. We both tend to be interested in the language of a particular place (a speech community), language in use, authentic speech, and defining a language variety in terms of how it might differ from the standard. A major difference is that in the past dialectologists or dialect geographers have been interested in the most divergent, traditional language of a community, assuming that other forms resulted from later movement toward the standard. Sociolinguists, on the other hand, are interested in the full range of forms in a community (and their social evaluation) ...The goals of dialect geography and dialectology have been to show where particular speech features are found, and to discover the boundaries between dialect regions. But dialect geography has also tried to find the most traditional speech in each region, on the assumption that regional dialects are most distinct when they havent been influenced by their neighbors , or by mainstream language.(Gerard Van Herk, What Is Sociolinguistics? Wiley-Blackwell, 2012) Dialect Geography Dialect geography [is] a methodology or (more accurately) a set of methods for gathering evidence of dialect differences systematically ...More than a century has elapsed since the first major project in dialect geography was undertaken, and in that time there have been hundreds of projects, great and small, that have made use of the methodology ...The resurgence [of dialect geography] began in the 1980s. We have already noted some of the benchmarks: the revival of the Middle and South Atlantic States project under Kretzschmar, the resumption of analysis of the survey of English dialects by Upton and his associates, and, of course, Pedersons Gulf States publications. In addition to these, significant regional projects are taking place in Spain directed by Manuel Alvar, in France sponsored by the Centre national de la Recherche Scientifique, and in many other places, including Mexico, Canary Islands, Vanuatu, and RÃ ©union. Dialect atlases are appearing in relative profusion, some of them belated culminations of old field work and others the end-products of more recent research.One reason for the resurgence is technological. Dialectology, the most data-oriented branch of language studies, finally found itself with tools commensurate to its task.(J. K. Chambers and Peter Trudgill, Dialectology, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 1998) Social Dialectology Social dialectology differs from traditional dialectology in its shift of focus from rural, settled communities to communities characterized by immigration and mobility... A sign that social dialectology is maturing as a discipline is that scholars are now able to compare the results of a range of studies in order to locate and explain parallel developments.(David Britain and Jenny Cheshire, Introduction. Social Dialectology: In Honour of Peter Trudgill. John Benjamins, 2003) Forms of Dialectology In social dialectology, boundaries between varieties are identified on the basis of trained linguists observations of actual phonetic and grammatical features that constitute salient differences between varieties. In regional dialectology, boundaries are identified on the basis of what trained fieldworkers are able to elicit from speakers or speakers reports of what they usually say. In perceptual dialectology, the beliefs and thoughts that non-linguists have about language are used to distinguish varieties. Peoples perceptions about language, whether descriptively accurate or not, are just as important to the researcher as the objective facts about how speakers talk.(Miriam Meyerhoff, Introducing Sociolinguistics, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2011)

Building Trust through E-Commerce Free Essays

Suppose I am selling merchandises online – for instance, gift items for everyone – I know exactly how to convince my prospective buyers to trust my web site. Through the concept of â€Å"Free Information for All,† I would educate my web visitors, in the simplest way possible (without giving essential information to competitors), about the process of storing their credit card information and securing it from hackers and viruses. The rationale behind â€Å"Free Information for All,† is aiming at the minds of the potential customers, to make them think, feel and believe that they know all they need to know about where their credit card information is going. We will write a custom essay sample on Building Trust through E-Commerce or any similar topic only for you Order Now Images, such as secured vaults and huge powerful computers, will be used to instill in the minds of the viewers that my web site could not be any safer. In fact it is 100% safe and error-free. As for the action steps that I would take, I will begin by advertising banners and links that features a reverse psychology-inspired message, â€Å"Do not trust every online shop you see. Click to find the tricks of scammers. † Then, when they’re in my web site already, they will read another message, â€Å"Trust only those who can tell you everything you need to know about your shop and your account. Experience worry-free online shopping. † The second step is for me to make good on my word. Eventually, I will post â€Å"Testimonials† from the marketing department and from real people with pages in My Space. This will create a crisp, friendly feel in the website, and it will convince more people that my business and services are no hoax. The final step is just to ensure that my customers will enjoy a 24/7 customer support online and via toll-free number. Customers love to be pampered. I will pamper my customers, make them trust me, and make them go back to my store, with their friends in tow. Survey source: Safety in Numbers. June 25, 2002. The Resource for Security Executives. November 10, 2006. http://www. csoonline. com/metrics/viewmetric. cfm? id=393. How to cite Building Trust through E-Commerce, Papers

Driverless Cars free essay sample

A driverless car, also known as a self-driving car is an autonomous car which can perform the actions of the human being, as if a man were driving a traditional car. We can say that the car is independent of the human as the car only needs to be programmed with the destination. The mechanical part of the vehicle is held by the car its own. Moreover, to function, the car has some specific technology, for example laser, radar, GPS and computer vision. An example of an approved case of self-driving cars can be Google’s.In 2011 the state of Nevada was the first jurisdiction in the United States to pass a law concerning the operation of driverless cars. This law was turned into effect by March 2012 and the Nevada Department of Motor Vehicles gave the first license for a self-driven car in May 2012. This license was given to Google’s car which was in this case a Toyota Prius. We will write a custom essay sample on Driverless Cars or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Google got involved with this issue as it is trying to develop technology for driverless vehicles. In addition, the project is currently being led by Google engineer Sebastian Thrun, director of the StanfordArtificial Intelligence Laboratory and the co-inventor of Google Street View. To develop this system, Google also had to hire 15 engineers. This topic about self-driving cars involves also other issues such as hardware and software, social and ethical issues and the social impact. As regards hardware and software involved, it integrates Google Maps with various hardware sensors and artificial intelligence software so as to take its passengers where they want safely and comfortably. Google Maps provides the car with road information; the hardware sensors provide the vehicle with real time environment conditions and the artificial intelligence software provides the car with real time decisions. Google Maps interacts with the GPS and acts as a database. In addition, it is in charge of looking for speed limits, upcoming intersections, traffic reports, nearby collisions and directions. Concerning hardware, we have to take in account that it uses an array of sensors to navigate public roads without a human driver, and many other components. Google’s Toyota Prius possesses a lidar, which is a rotating sensor on the roof that scans more than 200 feet in all directions to generate a precise three-dimensional map of the car’s surroundings.

Ocean Noise Pollution Essay Example

Ocean Noise Pollution Paper For millions of years, the oceans have been filled with sounds from natural sources such as the squeaks, moans and clicks of whales and dolphins, the snapping of shrimp, the sound caused by wind upon the surface and even the occasional rumble from earthquakes. Over millions of years, the oceans marine species have developed into what they are today, with their own specialized acute hearing abilities, communication skills and echo location abilities at natural sound levels. Hearing is generally as important to many marine creatures as sight is for humans. The oceans once referred to as the The Silent World by Jacques Southeast, has now become an increasingly noisy place since the industrial age. According to Wisped, Noise Pollution is excessive, displeasing human, animal or machine-created environmental noise that disrupts the activity or balance of human or animal life. Noise pollution could also be defined as a type of energy pollution in which distracting, irritating, or damaging sounds are freely audible. As with other forms of energy pollution (such as heat and light pollution), noise pollution contaminants are not physical particles, but rather waves that interfere with durably-occurring waves of a similar type in the same environment. Thus, the definition of noise pollution is open to debate, and there is no clear border as to which sounds may constitute noise pollution. In the narrowest sense, sounds are considered noise pollution if they adversely affect wildlife, human activity, or are capable of damaging physical structures on a regular, repeating basis. We will write a custom essay sample on Ocean Noise Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ocean Noise Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ocean Noise Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hearing is the universal alerting sense in all vertebrates. Sound is extremely important because animals are able to hear events all around them, no matter where their attention is focused. Sound travels far greater distances than light under water. Light travels only a few hundred meters in the ocean before it is absorbed or scattered. Even where light is available, it is more difficult to see as far under water as in air, limiting vision in the marine environment It is similar to looking through fog on land. So, the best opportunity for long-range vision underwater especially in murky water is to swim beneath objects and see their silhouettes. In consequence, most marine animals rely on sound for survival and depend on unique adaptations hat enable them to communicate, protect themselves, locate food, and navigate underwater. Animals change the rate of sound production and the structure of the sounds to send different messages. Underwater sound allows marine animals to gather information and communicate at great distances and from all directions. The speed of sound determines the delay between when a sound is made and when it is heard. The speed of underwater sound is five times faster than sounds traveling in air. Sound travels much further underwater than in air. Thus marine animals can perceive sound coming from such further distances than terrestrial animals. Because the sound travels faster, they also receive the sounds after much shorter delays (for the same distance). It is no surprise that marine mammals have evolved many different uses for sounds. Marine mammals, such as whales, use sound to identify objects such as food, obstacles, and other whales. By emitting clicks, or short pulses of sound, marine mammals can listen for echoes and detect prey items, or navigate around objects. This animal sense functions just like the sonar systems on navy ships. It is clear that producing and hearing sound is ITIL to marine mammal survival. Whales and dolphins are celebrated for their sounds, but many species of fish and marine invertebrates also use sound. Fish produce various sounds, including grunt, croaks, clicks, and snaps, which are used to attract mates as well as ward off predators. For the taffies, sound production is very important in courtship rituals. Sound is produced by the male taffies to attract the female for mating and is especially important in the murky waters that taffies inhabit where sight is limited. Ashes also produce sound when feeding. When a fish eats hard food, such as coral, it will produce a sound. Fishes sometimes gnash their teeth without the presence of food, which may be a way to scare away predators. As you can see, sound is very important to its underwater inhabitants. It allows them to navigate, to hear approaching predators and prey, and is a way of communicating with other members of the same species. There are a lot of sources of noise in the marine environment. Naturally occurring noises include underwater volcanic eruptions and storms. Background noise in the ocean is produced by reeking waves, wind and rain, and by the huge number of small crustaceans and other animals. A typical background noise level is about 100 decibels (db), which is about the same in energy terms as 40 db in air. Wind and waves in storms, and choruses from fish and invertebrate can increase this level to about 1 20 db. Measurements show that the Pacific Ocean is still relatively quiet and that most of its background noise is produced by wind and by marine creatures. This is in contrast to the Atlantic Ocean, where most of the background noise is from the churning propellers of ocean-going ships. There are also several man-made (anthropogenic) sources of ocean noise, some of which are the unintended by products of human activity (e. G. Sell propulsion), while others are produced for a specific purpose (e. G. Military sonar). Whales, dolphins and porpoises today face a wealth of man-made threats including hunting, ship strikes, entanglement in fishing gear and issues arising from climate change. However, one man-made threat that is not as commonly acknowledged as others is ocean noise pollution. This is partly due to the fact that it is not a visible threat, so can be easily overlooked. The noi se becomes problematic and highly hazardous when it is man-made. In the past several years many studies have shown that man-made ocean noise emanating from such sources as are military sonar equipment, ship traffic, and underwater drilling, commercial shipping seismic surveys for Oil and gas exploration, mineral and aggregate extraction, construction (e. G. Drilling, dredging and explosions), acoustic deterrent and harassment devices(e. G. Pincers on fishing nets used to deter predators) and recreational activities(e. G. Boating). Noise pollution in the oceans has been shown to cause hysterical and behavioral changes in marine life, especially in dolphins and whales, which rely on sound for daily activities. However, low frequency sound produced by large scale, offshore activities is also suspected to have the capacity to cause harm to other marine life as well. It can also cause hemorrhage or other trauma to the marine mammals auditory system, sometimes leading to permanent hearing loss, and, indirectly, death. It also causes displacement from their natural habitat, disruption of feeding, breeding, nursing, and other behaviors vital to the species survival. Some of he sounds produced by these man-made sources can travel for hundreds of kilometers in marine environment, potentially affecting many marine animals over a huge are. The growing amount of human noise pollution in the ocean could lead fish away from good habitat and off to their death, according to new research from a KICK-led team working on the Great Barrier Reef. Noise pollution might also severely affect the distribution offish, and their ability to reproduce, communicate and avoid predators. For example, some studies have reported that Atlantic herring, cod and blue-fin tuna flee sounds and school less coherently in noisy environments. That could mean that fish distributions are being affected, as fish avoid places polluted by man-made noise. Not only can squids and octopuses sense sound, but as it turns out, these and other so-called asphodels might be harmed by growing noise pollution in our oceans?from sources such as offshore drilling, ship motors, sonar use and pile driving. Giant squid, for example, were found along the shores of Austria, Spain in 2001 and 2003 following the use of air guns by offshore vessels and examinations eliminated all known causes of lesions in Hess species, suggesting that the squid deaths could be related to excessive sound exposure. The effects of noise pollution on whales depend, among other things, on the distance the whales are from the source of the noise. If the sound is very powerful and close to the animals it could well bring about permanent ear damage, internal injuries, and even death. Even sounds less powerful can induce temporary deafness, as was shown by studies carried out on seals, dolphins and belugas in captivity. Knowing just how dependent whales are on sounds, there is much cause for concern. During March of 000, at least 17 whales stranded themselves in the Bahamas and the population of beaked whales in this region disappeared. A federal investigation identified testing of a U. S. Ana active sonar system as the cause. There are many things we can do to decrease ocean noise, Ocean Link, an organization dedicated to ocean education, says on its website. The first would be to simply recognize that there is a noise problem in the oceans, which some governments have begun to do. With formal recognition, it may be possible for national and international agencies to work together to help reduce this problem. For any new policies regarding ocean noise, scientists should follow the precautionary principal to ensure that no further harm will come to marine mammals. From this perspective, governments should adopt legislation with the habitats of marine mammals in mind, ensuring that important areas would receive the least impact possible. While these may come too late for hundreds of sea animals that have already been damaged by underwater noise, with the right and concerted action, the seas may resonate with the sounds of whale songs, not the human-produced lethal noises of engines and machinery.

Mistery of the Easter Island essays

Mistery of the Easter Island essays Easter Island is over 2,000 miles from the nearest population center, making it one of the most isolated places on Earth. A triangle of volcanic rock in the South Pacific- it is best known for the giant stone monoliths, known as Moai, that dot the coastline. The early settlers called the island "Te Pito O Te Henua" (Navel of The World). Admiral Roggeveen, who came upon the island on Easter Day in 1722, named it Easter Island. Today, the land, people and language are all referred to locally as Rapa Nui. Unfortunately, there is no written record to help the story of this remote island, its people, and the significance of the nearly nine hundred giant moai that punctuate Easter Islands barren landscape. The moai and the ceremonial sites are along the coast, with a concentration on Easter Islands southeast coast. The moai are more standardized in design, and they have been carved, transported, and erected between fourteen and sixteen hundred. They stand with their basks to the sea and are believed by most archaeologists to represent the spirits of ancestors, chiefs, or other high ranking males who held important positions in the history of Easter Island, or Rapa Nui. The word ahu has two meanings in Easter Island culture. First, an ahu is the flat mound or stone pedestal upon which the moai stand. The ahu is, on average, about four feet high. The word ahu also signifies a sacred ceremonial site where several moai stand. The total number of moai on Easter Island is eight hundred and eighty seven. The largest moai weights approximately a hundred and fifty tons. Several experiments were carried out and although it was proven that the statues could have been moved by rocking and rolling their bases similar to the way we would move a refrigerator or large piece of furniture, the method would have caused so mu ...

The Kennedy Doctrine 1961-1963 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Kennedy Doctrine 1961-1963 - Research Paper Example If Kennedy would not have inherited the legacy of the Recession of 1960-61, and also if ‘the Bay of Pigs’ invasion would not have failed, the Kennedy Doctrine had been, possibly, read as an anecdote or sequel to his predecessor Eisenhower’s foreign policy which rigidly was permeated with the president’s confidence in the country’s military strength to suppress any threat in international politics. Though within the first six months of his presidency in the Oval Office, Kennedy recovered from the recession, the increased military expenditure in the following years was the reflection of Kennedy’s policy to deter any possible offensive role of the Soviet Union. In this regard Gaddis (2005) opined that also the failed CIA-backed military coup in Cuba, in spite of Kennedy’s promise to refrain from Cuban Affairs, provoked the president to be bold to pronounce the United States’ defensive stance regarding the Berlin issue and the diplom atic acknowledgement of the Soviet Union’s concern in Germany. (Gaddis, 2005, pp. 112-115). Outlines of the Kennedy Doctrine and Historical Background Though the Kennedy Doctrine is often misinterpreted as the elaborations of Eisenhower and Truman’s foreign policy prerogatives to contain Communist expansion around the world at any cost, even by involving into another war, the skeletal difference of JFK’s policy with his predecessor’s was determined by the country’s experience of fighting the recession during its earliest months, of failure of the â€Å"Bay of Pigs† and the â€Å"Cuban Missile Crisis†. Kennedy promised to pay â€Å"any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, in order to assure the survival and the success of liberty† (The Avalon Project, 2008). In his augural speech; nevertheless he was aware of the pressure of a tumultuous economy that was suffering from the fourth great r ecession in the US history. In one of his Union addresses, Kennedy admitted it: â€Å"The present state of our economy is disturbing. We take office in the wake of seven months of recession. Insured unemployment is at the highest peak in our history. In short, the American economy is in trouble† (Sorensen, 2009, p. 98). Unlike his predecessor, Eisenhower, Kennedy took the reign of America at a time when â€Å"business bankruptcies had reached the highest level since the 1930s, farm incomes had decreased 25 percent since 1951, and 5.5 million Americans were looking for work† (Miller Center, n.d.). Failure of the â€Å"Bay of Pigs† Invasion: A New Turn in Kennedy’s Foreign Policy Indeed Kennedy’s perception of the country’s economy along with the failures of his overly enthusiastic but covert military enterprises in Cuba in April 17, 1961 seemed to provoke him to be more diplomatic in confronting Communism around the World. Researchers often t end to characterize the Bay of Pig Invasion as Kennedy Administration’s initial trend to tread down the predecessors’ path to respond to Nikita Khrushchev’s â€Å"support for the wars of national liberation† in January, 1961 and the Soviet role in Congo crisis in February, 1961. According to Gaddis (2005), such experience in the â€Å"Bay of Pigs† might bring a new twist in Kennedy Foreign Policy (p. 89). This event provoked the president to voice the US positions clearly, less depending on the covert role, in the Berlin

How increased unemployment is playing a role on the increasing poverty Essay

How increased unemployment is playing a role on the increasing poverty levels - Essay Example For instance, the level of unemployment in China is 4.3 % while that of Japan is at 4.5%, nevertheless the unemployment rate of these countries does not remain constant; it keeps changing with time (trading economics, 2011). Below is a graph indicating the difference in levels of poverty among countries. Fig 1: 2011 unemployment rates of different countries. Needless to say, there are a number of reasons that cause unemployment in the world. First, some individuals lack the required skills and knowledge to tackle tasks, hence hindering their chances of acquiring a job. Secondly, the welfare payments and unemployment insurance are believed to contribute to the increasing levels of unemployment. The unemployed continue benefiting from these governments’ assisted programs, hence becoming reluctant to search for jobs. This paper will discuss the issue of unemployment, its impact to the society in causing poverty, and the possible solutions at length. Major impact of unemployment t o society The Increasing levels of unemployment are continuously contributing to the level of poverty among nations, which negatively affects the economy and the society of these nations as well. There are various types of unemployment. Cyclical unemployment is one of them, which is influenced by the business cycle, for example, the higher the growth of domestic product, the lower the levels of unemployment, and vice versa (Hartley, 2010, p.29). Structural unemployment involves launching new products in the market, therefore changing the demand of certain goods. In return, unemployment rate in certain sectors increases, whilst jobs are created in other sectors. According to Kim (2010, p.57), one third of the world’s... Unemployment as an Economic Problem Unemployment can be defined as the number of people in a nation without jobs, including those that are seeking for employment (OECD, 2003, p.32). Unemployment is a problem that affects many countries, to an extent of reducing productivity and loss of income opportunity. When the level of unemployment is high, the growth domestic product is lower compared to when the levels of unemployment are low. On the other hand, when the growth of domestic product is low, the levels of unemployment increase, the living standards of individuals are reduced, and the nation’s productivity decreases. Unemployment also contributes to loss of human capital, as the unemployed individuals do not contribute their skills and knowledge to the workforce. Moreover, unemployment does not only contribute to poverty, but it also reduces the levels of consumption and the ability of purchasing, and as a result, slowing down the potential of the market. Nevertheless, unemployment levels differ among different countries, taking different forms; however, the developing nations are highly affected by the unemployment issue compared to the advanced economies (OECD, 2003, p.32). For instance, the level of unemployment in China is 4.3 % while that of Japan is at 4.5%, nevertheless the unemployment rate of these countries does not remain constant; it keeps changing with time (trading economics, 2011). Below is a graph indicating the difference in levels of poverty among countries. Needless to say, poverty increases as the level of unemployment increases; this is evident since the unemployed have no source of income, making them to struggle in providing basics needs for their families.

Human Rights In Saudi Arabia

Human Rights In Saudi Arabia Human rights refer to the legal, social or ethical principles of entitlement or liberties to which all humans are entitled (James, 2009). Proponents of this concept assert that each person is endowed with certain entitlements by reason of being human. These entitlements can be justified as moral norms, natural rights or even as legal rights, either at a national level or within international law. However, this concept has been the subject of intense debate and criticism as there is no consensus as to what should or should not be regarded as a human right. The modern conception of human rights, universalism, developed in the aftermath of World War II and its globalization was awakened by the crimes committed by Hitlers government (the Holocaust), which increased pressure on the need for a global system of accountability and stability. This resulted in the adoption of this concept by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), a declaration adopted on 10 December 1948 by the United Nations General Assembly. This forum aimed at paving the way for universalism by resolving the cultural differences between member nations, an approach which some argue, has led to the needs of certain cultures being compromised. The concept of universalism was further boosted by the adoption of the International Criminal Court in June 1998, with its core aim being the enforcement and promotion of the values agreed upon by the member states of the United Nations. Over the course of the 20th century, many movements and groups have achieved intense social changes in the name of human rights. In North America and Western Europe, labor unions brought about laws which granted workers to strike and established minimum work conditions. The womens rights movement succeeded in gaining voting rights for women while the National liberation movements succeeded in driving out colonial powers in many countries. The United Nations, together with its member states, have developed much of the discussion and bodies of law that currently make up international human rights law and international humanitarian law. In reality, the concept of Universalism is basically based on Western philosophies and the values they place on the individual. This approach can be seen as a product of Christianity as well as the Greek philosophy and contends that one can use reason or nature to identify basic rights inherent to every human. This concept was challenged by a delegation led by China, Iran and Syria at the 1993 United Nations Conference on Human Rights which was held in Vienna. They argued that the current definition of human rights was not universal, but was based on Western morality and should therefore not be imposed as norms in non-western societies. They further argued that this concept disregarded the non-western societies historical and economic development and their cultural perceptions of what is wrong and right. Cultural relativism, by contrast, is based on the thought that there are no objective standards by which others can be judged. It was introduced by the sophist Protagoras, among others who empirically established that there exist many different cultures in the world and each are equally worthy. For example, female genital mutilation is not mandated by any religion, but has become a tradition in many different cultures in Africa, South America and Asia. On the other hand, it is considered by the international community as a violation of girls and womens rights, which has resulted in the outlaw of the culture in some countries. However, International Law has only recently begun to tackle the issue of cultural relativism by paying more attention to certain themes (Bozeman, 1971). In Saudi Arabia, human rights are intended to be based on Sharia, a set of Islamic religious laws under the rule of the House of Saud, the royal family of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (US Department of State, 2004). The government of Saudi Arabia has often been criticized for its treatment of political and religious minorities, homosexuality and women. The Human rights of this country are specified in article 26 of the Basic System of Governance of Saudi Arabia, a constitution- like charter which is in accordance with Sharia. The National Society for Human Rights was the first independent human rights organization in Saudi Arabia, and was established in 2004. In 2008, the Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia, also known as the Shura Council, ratified the Arab Charter on Human Rights, a charter which affirms the principles contained in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the UN Charter and the Cairo Declaration of Human Rights in Islam. It provides for a number of traditional h uman rights, such as the right to liberty, protection of persons from torture, freedom to practice religious observance, among others. Saudi Arabia is one of the few countries in the world with judicial corporal punishment, the formal application of caning, whipping, birching and strapping as an official sentence by order of a court. In Saudi Arabia, judicial corporate punishment is carried out under Sharia, and includes whipping for lesser crimes such as drunkenness and sexual deviance and the amputations of hands and feet for more serious crimes such as robbery. This country also engages in capital punishment, which includes public executions by beheading. This is in accordance to strict interpretation of Islamic law as a punishment for rapists, murderers, and armed robbers. There were 191 executions in 2005, 38 in 2006, while in 2007; there were 153 executions (International, 2009). The government of Saudi Arabia has been criticized for lack of protection and violation of several human rights such as the freedom of religion. In this country, the practice of non-Muslim religions is aggressively prohibited. With the government declaration of the Holy Quran and the Sunna (tradition) of the Prophet Muhammad as the countrys constitution, Saudi Arabian law does not recognize religious freedom. Saudi Arabia, being an Islamic State, offers preferential treatment for Muslims and prohibits the burial of Non-Muslims on Saudi soil. During Ramadan, the month of fasting, eating, drinking or smoking during daylight hours in public is not allowed, even for Non-Muslims (Abdul, 2008). Foreign schools operating in Saudi Arabia are required to teach a yearly introductory segment on Islam and missionary work by any religions other than Salafi/Wahabi Islam is forbidden. Anti-Semitism, prejudice towards Jews as a result of hatred of their culture, religion and/or ethnic background, is very widespread in Saudi Arabia. In 2007, it was reported that a state website prohibited Jewish people and Israeli passport holders from entering the kingdom. The Saudi administration removed the offensive language, claiming that it was a mistake (CNN, 2004). A study of Saudi Arabias revised schoolbook curriculum in May 2006 discovered that the eighth grade book included text that discriminated against Christian infidels of the communion of Jesus. In Saudi Arabia, LGBT rights, initials referring to the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender, are not recognized. In accordance with Islamic morality, cross-dressing and homosexuality are seen as decadent acts and are treated as solemn crimes. These acts, as well as the involvement with any activity that hints at the existence of an organized gay community, are punishable by imprisonment, lashing, deportation for foreigners and sometimes execution. According to the law, all Saudi citizens infected with HIV or AIDS are entitled to protection of their privacy, free medical care and equal employment and educational opportunities. However, most Saudi hospitals will not treat infected patients and many hospitals and educational institutions are reluctant to share out government information about the disease. This is because of the stigma and strong taboos associated with how the virus can be spread (Yamani, 2005). However, the situation has started to change, with the government recognizing World AIDS Day, and permitting information about the disease to be published in local newspapers and journals. Any foreigner found to be HIV positive (or with any other serious medical condition), is deported back to their country. Political freedoms in Saudi Arabia are also curtailed, with the Saudi government restricting the freedom of speech and the press to forbid criticism of the government. Political organizations and trade unions are banned, public demonstrations are outlawed and Internet reception within Saudi Arabias borders is actively censored by the government. The arrest of Fouad al-Farhan, a prominent Saudi blogger and reformist in December 2007, was seen as a crackdown by the Saudi government on online dissent. He was jailed in solitary confinement, without charges, after criticizing several prominent Saudi business, media and religious figures (Murphy, 2008). Fouad was released on 26 April, 2008. In Saudi society, gender roles come from Sharia, Islamic law, as well as the tribal culture. All women, regardless of social status or age, are required to have a male guardian. Saudi women do not have voting rights, and cannot be elected to high political positions (Sasson, 2001). However, there is substantial evidence that Saudi women do not want radical change. Advocates of reform in this country reject the Western critics of Saudi Arabia for failing to understand the Islamic uniqueness of the Saudi society (Zoeph, 2010). Advocates argue that Saudi women do have rights, though these rights are dependent on their obligations in life. Majority of the Saudis do not view Islam as the main obstruction to womens rights and dismiss perceptions of Islam as being patriarchal as a Western typecast. To prove that Islam allows strong women, Saudis often invoke the life of Prophet Muhammad. Khadijah, the Prophets first wife, was a powerful businesswoman who employed him and is the one who initiated the marriage proposal. Aisha, another one of his wives, commanded an entire army at the Battle of Camel, a battle that took place in Iraq, at Basra in 656, and for this, she is the source of many hadiths (Betsy, 2010). Saudi women face discrimination in many aspects of their lives, such as the civil, common and religious systems. Despite the fact that they make up over 70% of those enrolled in public universities, due to social reasons, Saudi women only make up 5% of the national workforce. The efforts by the government to support expanded employment opportunities for women in this country met fierce resistance from the religious police, the labor ministry as well as the male citizenry (Canlas, 2006). In most parts of this country, it is believed that the role of the woman is to care for her husband and family. There is widespread segregation in Saudi homes, with some rooms having separate entrances for the men and women. Driving had been banned for women, until 1990, when it was introduced as official legislation after 47 women drove cars through Riyadh, the Saudi capital. Though illegal, women in areas outside the cities and in the rural areas of Saudi Arabia do drive cars (Y, 2009). Saudi women are permitted to fly aircraft, though they are required to be chauffeured to the airport (Bascio, 2007). Many Saudis believe that allowing Saudi women the right to drive could lead to an erosion of traditional values and Western-style openness. Before a Royal Decree in 2008, women were not permitted to enter furnished apartments or hotels without a mahram or chaperon. With the decree, the only requirements they needed were their national ID cards, and the hotel must inform the nearest police station of their length of stay as well as the room reservation (Canlas J. , 2008). The current government, under King Abdullah, is considered reformist. This government has appointed the first female cabinet member, opened the nations first co-educational university and is also credited for passing legislations against domestic violence. However, critics say that the reform is very slow and is more symbolic than substantive. Conservatives see the Saudi society as the center of Islam and hence the deed for unique conservative values. They seek to preserve the cultures traditional gender roles, while on the other hand; radical activists compare the condition of the Saudi Arabian Women to slavery (S, 2010). A government poll conducted in 2006 found out that over 80% of Saudi Arabian women do not think that women should work or drive with men. A subsequent poll found that most Saudi women are not of the opinion that women should be allowed to hold political office. Saudi women are in high support of their traditional gender roles and are of the opinion that reforms wou ld be opposed to Islamic values. They argue that they already have a high level of independence and that reforms would bring about unwanted Western cultural influences (Saleh Ambah, 2010). In Saudi Arabia, all women are required to have a male guardian, who can be a father or husband. This guardian has rights and duties to his woman in various aspects of civic life. Saudi women must first seek their guardians permission for various matters such as marriage and divorce, education, travel (if below 45 years), employment as well as opening a bank account. Guardians requirements are not written law, but are applied according to the societys customs, as well as the understanding of particular institutions such as hospitals and banks. Official transactions initiated by women are often abandoned and officers often demand the presence of a guardian in order to prove authorization. In a recent interview, Saudi women defended male guardians as providing love and protection (Zoeph, 2010). In 2008, some Saudi women launched a petition defending guardians, which gathered over 500 signatures. The petition also requested the punishment for those activists equality and mingling between Saudi men and women. Liberal activists on the other hand reject guardianship and see it as demeaning to women. They object to the treatment of women as subordinates or children (Wagner, 2010). They cite cases of women whose careers were ended by their guardians, or who lost custody rights over their children. In a case in 2009, a father prohibited several of his daughters attempts to marry outside their clan, and sent her to a mental institution as a form of punishment (Jahwar, 2009). Activists agree that most Saudi men are caring, but see this kindness as a result of pity, from lack of respect for their women, and they compare male guardianship to slavery, with ownership of a woman being passed on from one man to another. The ludicrousness of the guardianship system is shown by what would happen to a woman if she tried to remarry: she would have to seek the permission of her son (Betsy, 2010). The Saudi government has defended itself by saying that there is no law of male guardianship and maintains that agreements are applied in the courts and other legal channels. The male guardianship system is very closely related to sharaf, a system which involves the protection of females in the family by a male individual. The male provides for them, and in sequence, the womens honor is reflected on him. Since the honor of the male guardian is affected by that of the women in his family, he is expected to control their behavior. If a man loses his honor because of a woman under his care, he is permitted to cleanse his honor by punishing her, which can be death in extreme cases. In 2007, a young Saudi lady was killed by her father for chatting with a man on Facebook. Conservatives called for the government ban on Facebook, because it causes social causes social strife by encouraging inter-gender mingling and inciting lust (Frthjof, 2007). In many Islamic states, women are required cover parts of that are arwah i.e. not meant to be exposed, which is mainly the face. However, in Saudi Arabia, the whole of the womans body is considered arwah, with exception of the hands and eyes. Women are therefore required to wear the niqab, or veil, a hijab; whish is s head covering, as well as an abaya, which is a full black cloak. In this country, womens clothing must not reveal anything about her body and is therefore required to be loose, thick and opaque. It is generally required to be unadorned and of a dull color and should not raise interest to the male (Saleh, 2009). Saudi women are however not bothered by the dress code and place it low on the list of priorities for reform. Majority of the women wear the veil with pride, and say it reduces destructions from their male counterparts. Sex aggregation is anticipated in public, especially between non-mahram women and men. Most official and educational institutions have separate entrances and exits for both men and women. According to law, there should be clear visual and physical separate sections for both sexes at all meetings and gatherings, including weddings and funerals. Public places such as amusement parks and beaches are also segregated, sometimes by time, so that men and women visit at different hours. Many Saudi homes have different entrances for men and women, with private space being associated with women and public space such as living rooms being reserved for men. Since eating requires the removal of the veil for women, most Saudi restaurants are segregated to different sections and they also bar entrance to women who come without their mahrams or husbands (Murphy, Saudi Arabia: Dining by Gender, 2010). Even Western companies for instance Starbucks and McDonalds enforce Saudi religious regulations and maintain sex-segregated zones in their restaurants. This has often led to these companies being criticized by Western activists as the facilities in the womens zones are usually lower in quality. The segregation rules sometimes apply to banks and even hospitals. However, the number of mixed-gender workplaces has been on the rise since the crowning of King Abdullah, though they are still strange. Some clerics issued fatwa, a religious opinion issued by an Islamic scholar concerning an Islamic law, which encouraged women to provide breast milk to any man with whom she comes into frequent contact with. The milk should not come directly from the womans breast, and reduces the difficulties of strict sex segregation by allowing him to become a relative of the family. In Islam, this breast milk kinship is considered to be as good as blood relationship and therefore allow the males to come onto contact with the without having to break Islams rules about mixing. Another scholar disagreed, saying that the milk should come straight from the wombs breast, an issue which was ridiculed by reformists who argue that this could end up being more erotic, and definitely not maternal. Womens economic rights in Saudi Arabia are also severely infringed. In order for a woman to buy or sell a piece of property, she is obligated to bring two men as witnesses to identify her identity. In addition, she is required to bring four other male witnesses to testify that the first two are valid witnesses and that they actually know her. This makes it hard for women to attain their legal rights, and therefore, they often end up finding other solutions such as paying bribes. Since childhood, Saudi girls are taught that their key role is to take good care of the household and raise the children, though Sharia allows women to work, as long as she does not neglect her essential homemaking duties. Government offices strictly advocate for the minimization of interaction between women and non-mahram men. They are allowed too work as long as their male guardians or husbands approve. A womans work must be deemed suitable for her physique and mentality and for this reason, they cannot be appointed as judges or to positions of high public office. The Saudi labor ministry has been inconsistent in its support for reforms promoting womens right to work. In 2006, the then minister of labor, Dr.Ghazi Al-Qusaibi was quoted as saying that the labor Ministry was not acting to promote womens employment because the best place for a woman to serve is in her own home (Al-Awsat, 2006). In recent years, mixed gender workplaces have become more common, especially in industries that must serve women such as medicine and banking. In this country, 71% to 78% of females are literate, compared with males who have 85% literacy rates. The number of women who receive secondary and tertiary education is higher than that of men with over 50% of working women having a college education (Forum, 2009). The freedom of movement for Saudi women is strongly limited as they are not supposed to leave their houses or neighborhoods without the consent of their male guardian or in the company of a mahram. Women are not allowed to drive and are forbidden from using public transport. When allowed, they are required to use a separate entrance and sit in sections reserved for women. However, the bus companies with the widest coverage of Saudis capital, Riyadh, do not allow women at all. In Saudi Arabia, women are not allowed to run for public offices, but they are permitted to hold positions on boards of chambers of trade. There is one woman in a cabinet position, as assistant minister for womens education. In court cases, the testimony of one man is considered to be equivalent to that of two women. In April 2010, women were issued with new ID cards with fingerprints and GPS tracking features. Women are registered in their father or husbands identification card and conservatives argue that cards which show the unveiled face of a woman violate Saudis customs. Though the government banned the practice of forced marriages, females are not allowed to make their own decisions on this issue. Just like in any other domain, states should not be pushed into creating local or universal structures that bypass their levels of control. As in the case of Saudi Arabia, most of the groups in society whose rights are violated do not have equal access to the law. This demonstrates how both theories create a double standard, with men readily accepting western norms and women bearing the brunt of cultural authenticity. However, with realistic strategies, cultural sensitivities in countries like Saudi Arabia can be reconciled with universal goals.

Teen Dating Violence

Teen dating violence Teen dating violence is becoming a huge issue among schools across the nation. In fact most teens don’t even think their relationships are abusive or they know but they are too scared to do anything about it. Teen dating violence is on the rise. This violence spans across all socioeconomic levels and knows no race. Even famous people can be victims of dating violence. Dating violence is a real issue and needs to be addressed in all schools and workplaces across the nation. Teen dating violence is on the rise and is ultimately one of the biggest issues among teens and adolescents today.Teen dating violence can be defined in many ways it can be anything from a pinch to telling your girlfriend/boyfriend they’re worthless. There are many types of teen dating violence here are 4 †¢Physical- is when the partner is being pinched, hit, shoved, tripped etc. †¢Emotional-this means threatening a partner or harming his or her sense of self worth †¢Sexual- this is forcing a partner to engage in a sex act when she or he does not or cannot consent. †¢Stalking- this referrers to a pattern of harassing or threating tactics used by a perpetrator that is both unwanted and causes fear in the victim. 0% of teens have reported being physically hurt by a boyfriend or girlfriend in the past 12 months. Nearly one-half of adult sex offenders report committing their first sexual offences prior to the age of 18. Between 1993 and 1999, 22% of all homicides against females ages 16-19 were committed by an intimate partner these are real numbers and facts the violence hides from no one. Teen dating violence is a public health issue. A lot of teens who experience dating violence often stop making school their number one priority and grades start to slip as they get depressed.They also might experience high anxiety levels because of what there abuser might say to them or do to them. Many teens do not feel as if they can tell someone about w hat is going on because they are afraid of the outcome if their abuser finds out. No teen is insusceptible to teen dating violence, but the ones that run more of a risk are teens who have †¢Trauma symptoms †¢Alcohol use †¢Having a friend involved in teen dating violence †¢Having problem behaviors in other areas †¢Belief that dating violence is acceptable †¢Exposure to harsh parenting †¢Exposure to inconsistent discipline Lack of parental supervision, monitoring, and warmth So if you have been exposed to something above statically you have more of a chance harming your partner. A lot of teens think that it will never happen to them even though 40% of teenage girls (14 to 17) know someone their age that has suffered from dating violence. And 80% of all girls who have been physically abused in their relationship continue to date their partner. There are a few different reasons for this one is there abuser won’t let them leave the relationship a nd mentally destroys the victims mind and makes them think that they cannot do any better.Also some victims are deeply in love with their partner and have high hopes on the situation getting better which usually progressively gets worse. The media plays huge roles in the ongoing issue magazines newspapers television all make teen dating violence and dating violence seem justifiable when its not. All the time you will see or hear about some famous star that was a victim of dating violence like Chris brown when he allegedly beat up Rihanna, or when Charlie sheen beat and abused his wife he was all over the news for weeks and still is today.What the media need to do is try to get a message out to the youth that teen violence is not a joke and it is not something to be taken lightly. One of my friends was a victim of teen dating violence, he was driving in his car and he had said something that made his girlfriend mad and she started punching him in the face repeatedly and did not stop until his face was beat red and bleeding he had black and blue marks all over his face. Its really sad to hear story’s of some teen that don’t care what happens my friend was driving on a highway je could have turned the wheel and both of them could have died.That’s why teens need to learn that its not healthy and some need to get help. I know another friend that almost got arrested and went to jail because his ex-girlfriend put a TRO (temporary restraining order) and the accusations that were made in the TRO were that he stalked her hit her mentally abused her and raped her all of the allegations she had made were false. Its sad that teens are more and more like adults and have to deal with stuff like this now.Teens should be worrying about their studies and other teenage things not if their boyfriend is going to hurt them or girlfriend is going to get jealous if they’re talking to another girl. Teen violence is one of the biggest issues among teens and it is most defiantly getting worse, young teens are scared to talk to adults so if you see any signs of a distressed teen ask them and maybe make a bonded friendship with them because you could save that child’s life by getting them away from a potentially dangerous situation. This is something that parents need to be educated on as well because they should have the ability to see them first.